World War One, or the Great War, left an indelible mark on the world, and for military history enthusiasts, the medals awarded to German soldiers offer a fascinating glimpse into this pivotal conflict. Collecting these medals requires understanding their historical context, design variations, and the significance of the awards themselves. This guide will delve into the intricacies of World War One German medals, providing insights for both seasoned collectors and those just starting their journey.
What Types of World War One German Medals Existed?
Germany's award system during World War I was complex, featuring a range of medals recognizing different levels of service and bravery. These weren't just handed out; they were earned through specific acts of valor or prolonged service on the front lines. The most common include:
- Iron Cross (Eisernes Kreuz): Arguably the most well-known German military decoration, the Iron Cross came in two classes (1st and 2nd), with the 1st Class being a more prestigious award. They were awarded for bravery in combat. Variations exist based on the year of issue and subtle design differences.
- Pour le Mérite ("Pour le Merite"): Often called the "Blue Max," this was Germany's highest military order, awarded for exceptional bravery and battlefield leadership. Extremely rare and highly sought after by collectors.
- Military Merit Cross (Militär-Verdienstkreuz): Awarded for distinguished service, not necessarily requiring acts of extraordinary bravery but acknowledging significant contributions to the war effort.
- Hanseatic Crosses: Awarded by the free Hanseatic cities of Hamburg, Bremen, and Lübeck, these crosses recognized merit and bravery.
- Wound Badges (Kriegsverdienstkreuz): These badges indicated the number of wounds sustained during combat, with variations based on the number of wounds received (Black, Silver, Gold).
How Can I Identify Authentic World War One German Medals?
Authenticating World War One German medals requires careful examination and a degree of expertise. Counterfeit medals are prevalent, so it's crucial to be cautious. Key factors to consider include:
- Maker's Marks: Many medals bear maker's marks, often small and subtle, indicating the manufacturer. Researching these marks can help verify authenticity.
- Metal Composition: The metal used in genuine medals should match the historical standards for the specific award.
- Ribbons: The ribbons accompanying medals are often subject to fading and wear. However, significant inconsistencies or perfectly preserved ribbons could indicate a forgery.
- Details and Engraving: Closely examine the details of the design, including the sharpness of the engraving and any other markings. Crude or inconsistent details are often a sign of a counterfeit.
- Expert Consultation: When in doubt, consult with experienced numismatists or military history experts who specialize in German World War One medals.
What are Some Common Mistakes Made When Collecting World War One German Medals?
New collectors often make these mistakes:
- Jumping in without research: Understanding the history and variations of each medal is crucial to avoid purchasing fakes or overpaying for common awards.
- Ignoring condition: The condition of a medal significantly impacts its value. Damage or significant wear can dramatically reduce a medal's worth.
- Focusing solely on rarity: While rarity is a factor, historical significance and provenance are equally important.
- Lack of provenance: Knowing the history of a medal enhances its value. Documentation linking the medal to a specific recipient significantly increases its worth.
Where Can I Find More Information About World War One German Medals?
Numerous resources exist for researching World War One German medals:
- Specialized Books and Catalogs: Many books and catalogs dedicated to German military awards provide detailed information on various medals.
- Online Forums and Communities: Online communities of collectors can offer valuable insights and expertise.
- Museums and Archives: Museums and military archives often have collections of German World War One medals and related artifacts.
Are World War One German Medals Valuable?
The value of World War One German medals varies greatly depending on several factors including:
- Rarity: Highly sought-after medals like the Pour le Mérite command significantly higher prices.
- Condition: Well-preserved medals in excellent condition are more valuable.
- Provenance: A documented history tracing the medal to a specific recipient enhances its value.
- Type of award: Different awards have varying levels of value.
Collecting World War One German medals offers a unique opportunity to connect with a significant historical period. However, it's essential to approach collecting with careful research, attention to detail, and a healthy dose of skepticism to ensure authenticity and make informed purchasing decisions. Happy hunting!
