The 1700s, a period brimming with societal elegance and elaborate fashion, saw the wig take center stage. But why did people, particularly men, adorn themselves with these often extravagant hairpieces? The answer is multifaceted, blending practicality, social status, and even hygiene. Let's delve into the fascinating history of wigs in the 18th century.
Why did men wear wigs in the 1700s?
The most prevalent reason for wig-wearing in the 1700s, especially among men, was social status and fashion. Wigs were not just head coverings; they were powerful statements. Elaborate styles, often crafted from human hair, indicated wealth and sophistication. The size, style, and even the color of the wig communicated a person's position in society. Judges, lawyers, and other professionals adopted specific wig styles that became instantly recognizable symbols of their profession. Think of the powdered white wigs often associated with court judges—these weren't just a stylistic choice; they were a visual representation of authority and legal standing.
Beyond status, hygiene played a surprising role. During the 18th century, personal hygiene practices were different from today's standards. Regular hair washing was less common, and lice infestations were a widespread problem. Wigs provided a way to manage this, allowing for the removal and cleaning of the hairpiece, thereby maintaining a degree of cleanliness. Furthermore, powdered wigs helped to mask odors and absorb sweat and oils, contributing to a more presentable appearance.
What were wigs made of in the 1700s?
Wigs in the 1700s were predominantly made from human hair. This is one of the reasons they were so expensive, making them a symbol of affluence. The source of the hair could vary; it could be from the wearer themselves, procured through various means (sometimes questionable!), or purchased from specialized vendors.
What were the different types of wigs worn in the 1700s?
The 18th century saw a plethora of wig styles. There were the full-bottomed wigs, large and flowing, often associated with the aristocracy. The bag wig, a more compact and less extravagant style, became popular amongst a wider range of men. The tie wig, characterized by its carefully arranged curls and bows, was another variation seen throughout the century. And of course, the powdered wigs, which became a symbol of the era, required careful maintenance and regular application of powder.
Did women wear wigs in the 1700s?
While less common than men's wig wearing, women also wore wigs and hairpieces in the 1700s. These were often used to augment their natural hair, adding volume, length, and elaborate styling. The use of false hair allowed women to achieve the fashionable and voluminous hairstyles of the time, which would have been difficult to create with natural hair alone.
How were wigs styled in the 1700s?
The styling of 18th-century wigs was a highly skilled art. Specialized wig makers and hairdressers were essential to achieving the desired look. The process often involved extensive use of pomade, powder, and curling irons. Wigs were meticulously curled, arranged, and powdered to create the desired effect, often requiring hours of work and significant maintenance.
In conclusion, wig-wearing in the 1700s wasn't simply a matter of fashion; it was a complex social and hygienic phenomenon. They signaled status, managed hygiene issues, and were a central component of the prevailing aesthetic. The elaborate styles and meticulous maintenance required highlight the importance of hair and appearance in 18th-century society.
